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Journal of the National Cancer Institute Advance Access originally published online on June 24, 2008
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2008 100(13):918-925; doi:10.1093/jnci/djn193
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press.

COMMENTARY

Criteria for the Evaluation of Large Cohort Studies: An Application to the Nurses’ Health Study

Graham A. Colditz, Deborah M. Winn

Affiliations of authors: School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine and Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St Louis, MO (GAC); Epidemiology and Genetics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (DMW)

Correspondence to: Graham A. Colditz, MD, School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine and Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St Louis, MO (e-mail: colditzg{at}wustl.edu).

Evaluating the success of major funding programs from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) remains a vexing challenge. We propose a set of criteria to evaluate epidemiological studies that fit within the discovery, development, and delivery paradigm introduced by the NIH. We apply these criteria to the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), a large epidemiological cohort study initiated in the 1970s to evaluate the associations between oral contraceptives and risk of breast cancer and between diet and other lifestyle factors and risk of cancer overall. Our evaluation suggests that the NHS has led to important changes in health practice, and it underscores the need to develop metrics that are suitable to the evaluation of large epidemiological cohort studies.

Manuscript received October 30, 2007; revised May 16, 2008; accepted May 19, 2008.


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